Mountains Episode 2

Mountainous Regions and Minerals in Northern Nigeria

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Mountainous Regions and Minerals in Northern Nigeria

Author: Razzak Osemobor | Date: July 16, 2025

1. Jos Plateau (Plateau State)

One of the most mountainous areas in Nigeria.

Major minerals:
  • Tin
  • Columbite
  • Tantalite
  • Zircon
  • Bauxite
  • Kaolin
  • Granite

Jos was the center of Nigeria’s tin mining industry during colonial times.

2. Aso Rock & FCT Hills (Abuja area)

Though known for political structures, the terrain is rocky and mineral-rich.

Major minerals:
  • Granite
  • Marble
  • Gold (traces) – small-scale gold mining reported in Bwari and Kuje areas.

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3. Zamfara Mountains (Zamfara State)

Hilly and rocky terrain, especially in Anka, Bukkuyum, Maru, etc.

Major minerals:
  • Gold – extensively mined (often illegally and informally)
  • Lead
  • Zinc

Note: Lead poisoning crisis in 2010 was linked to informal gold mining in children.

4. Mambilla Plateau (Taraba State)

High altitude, cooler climate, and rugged terrain.

Major minerals:
  • Bauxite
  • Limestone
  • Granite
  • Gemstones

Also ideal for hydropower and tea farming.

5. Adamawa Highlands (Adamawa State)

Bordering Cameroon with mountainous zones.

Major minerals:
  • Gypsum
  • Limestone
  • Granite
  • Kaolin
  • Uranium (suspected)
  • Gemstones (like tourmaline)

6. Gwoza Hills (Borno State)

Rugged, mountainous terrain near the Cameroon border. Poorly explored due to security challenges.

Potential minerals:
  • Granite
  • Quartz
  • Possibly rare earths or gemstones

7. Niger State (Kagara, Minna, Suleja Highlands)

Hilly regions with diverse mineral potential.

Major minerals:
  • Gold
  • Tantalite
  • Lithium
  • Granite
  • Lead/Zinc
Areas with Key Minerals in the North
Region State Notable Minerals
Jos Plateau Plateau Tin, Columbite, Tantalite, Zircon, Bauxite, Kaolin, Granite
Aso Rock & FCT Hills FCT (Abuja) Granite, Marble, Gold (traces)
Zamfara Mountains Zamfara Gold, Lead, Zinc
Mambilla Plateau Taraba Bauxite, Limestone, Granite, Gemstones
Adamawa Highlands Adamawa Gypsum, Limestone, Granite, Kaolin, Uranium (suspected), Gemstones
Gwoza Hills Borno Granite, Quartz, Possibly rare earths or gemstones
Suleja/Kagara Highlands Niger Gold, Tantalite, Lithium, Granite, Lead/Zinc
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