Mountains Episode 3

Mountainous States and Mineral Resources in Southern Nigeria Shop Metro Brazil — Stores in Dubai, Brazil & Saudi Arabia | Worldwide Shipping

Mountainous States and Mineral Resources in Southern Nigeria

Author: Razzak Osemobor | Date: July 16, 2025

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Previously, in the last episode of this series on mountains, I highlighted states in the north with mountainous landscapes and the mineral deposits found therein.

With these mineral deposits present in specific communities and villages within the states, the resources have boosted some of these places economically through the establishment of industrial sites, exploration, employment opportunities, community development services (such as roads and electricity projects), and royalty compensation to family clans, host communities, and the government.

While some mining activities are conducted legally in certain states, others are carried out illegally.

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Despite the fact that some of the areas where legal mining and exploration are taking place still lack development, MOUs concerning community development services are either honored or ignored, while illegal mining activities cannot be accounted for.

This episode highlights mountains and hills in the southern parts of Nigeria, as well as the mineral deposits found in those areas.

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1. Cross River State

Mountains: Obudu Plateau, Sankwala Hills, Afi Mountains

Elevation: Up to ~1,576 meters at Obudu

Minerals:

  • Limestone
  • Barite
  • Salt
  • Granite
  • Quartz
  • Tin (traces)

Also famous for eco-tourism and biodiversity.

2. Ebonyi State

Hilly terrain: Around Abakaliki, Izzi, and Afikpo

Minerals:

  • Lead
  • Zinc
  • Salt
  • Limestone
  • Marble
  • Gypsum

3. Ondo State

Hills: Includes Idanre Hills

Minerals:

  • Bitumen (one of the world’s largest reserves)
  • Limestone
  • Granite
  • Kaolin
  • Quartz
  • Marble
  • Gold (especially around Iperindo and Ifira Akoko)

4. Edo State

Hilly Areas: Auchi, Igarra, Okpella, and Esan

Minerals:

  • Limestone (especially in Okpella)
  • Marble
  • Granite
  • Gold (notably in Igarra and Auchi)
  • Clay
  • Phosphate

5. Osun State

Hilly terrain: Ilesa, Ife, and Iwo

Minerals:

  • Gold – a major gold-producing state
  • Granite
  • Quartz
  • Columbite
  • Tantalite

6. Ekiti State

Hills: Ikogosi Hills, Ado-Ekiti Ridge, Oke Ayedun

Minerals:

  • Granite
  • Kaolin
  • Feldspar
  • Bauxite
  • Gold (traces)
  • Quartz

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